{"id":2205,"date":"2020-02-16T10:47:42","date_gmt":"2020-02-16T02:47:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.taoteam.tech\/?p=2205"},"modified":"2022-04-22T18:11:32","modified_gmt":"2022-04-22T10:11:32","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%af%bb%e4%b8%80%e7%af%87%e8%ae%ba%e6%96%87","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.taoteam.tech\/?p=2205","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u8bfb\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u672c\u5468\u5bf9causal bootstrapping\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u518d\u6b21\u68b3\u7406\u3002\u5ba2\u89c2\u7684\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\u6211\u5bf9\u672c\u6587\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u6709\u70b9\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5927\u5bb6\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u65b0\u8bfe\u9898\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u6211\u80fd\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u53d1\u73b0\u6216\u63a8\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002
\n\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u505a\u4e86\u5982\u4e0b\u51c6\u5907\uff1a
\n\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u590d\u4e60bootstrapping.
\n\u867d\u7136bootstrapping\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u5728\u4ee5\u524d\u770b\u8fc7\uff0c\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u662frandom forest\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5176\u4e2d\u878d\u5408\u4e86\u8499\u7279\u5361\u6d1b\u91c7\u6837\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u6df1\u5165\u601d\u8003\u8fc7\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8d44\u6599\u4ed4\u7ec6\u601d\u8003\u4e86\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48bootstrapping\u4f1a\u6709\u7528\u3002
\n\u4ece\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u8003\u8651\uff0cbootstrapping\u4e0d\u5c31\u662f\u7f29\u5c0f\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5417\uff1f\u5728\u539f\u59cb\u62bd\u6837\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u4ece\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u62bd\u6837\u5f97\u5230\u6570\u636e\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528\u6570\u636e\u6837\u672c\u53bb\u505a\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5bf9\uff1f\u4f46\u539f\u59cb\u4e16\u754c\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\uff1f\u6ca1\u4eba\u77e5\u9053\u3002\u62bd\u6837\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u5426\u6ee1\u8db3\u91c7\u6837\u5b9a\u7406\uff1f\u6709\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\u662f\u77e5\u9053\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5927\u591a\u6570\u9886\u57df\u8fd8\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u603b\u559c\u6b22\u7528\u5927\u6837\u672c\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5927\u6837\u672c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u7684\u5728\u539f\u59cb\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u91c7\u6837\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u589e\u5927\u91c7\u96c6\u6837\u672c\u5bf9\u539f\u59cb\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u5bf9big data\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\u5728\u5927\u91cf\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u62bd\u53d6\u6781\u5c11\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0cbig data\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4fe1\u606f\u542b\u91cf\u4f4e\u3002\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u8bf4\u660e\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u5230\u7684\u6837\u672c\u5f88\u591a\u90fd\u662f\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u548c\u6ca1\u6709\u7528\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u7a76\u7adf\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u62bd\uff1f\u76ee\u524d\u8fd8\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u3002
\n\u4e0d\u53bb\u8003\u8651\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e0a\u5427\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u53bb\u6a21\u62df\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u5462\uff1f\u8fd8\u662f\u62bd\u6837\u3002\u5728\u4ea4\u53c9\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u968f\u673a\u62bd\u53bb\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u768480%\uff085\u500d\u4ea4\u53c9\uff09\u300190%\uff0810\u500d\u4ea4\u53c9\uff09\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53bb\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u4f46bootstrapping\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e48\u62bd\u53d6\u662f\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u3002\u4e07\u4e00\u4f60\u91c7\u6837\u7684\u6837\u672c\u90fd\u7279\u522b\u5178\u578b\u6216\u4e0d\u5178\u578b\u5462\uff1f\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5728\u4ea4\u53c9\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u65b9\u5dee\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u4f46\u65b9\u5dee\u662f\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u907f\u514d\u7684\u3002bootstrapping\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u907f\u514d\u504f\u5dee\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002
\n\u60f3\u60f3\u6211\u4eec\u66fe\u7ecf\u5728\u7ec4\u4f1a\u4e0a\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fc7\u7684\u7528\u8499\u7279\u5361\u6d1b\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e00\u5f20A4\u7eb8\u4e0a\u4efb\u610f\u56fe\u5f62\u9762\u79ef\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u80fd\u660e\u767dbootstrapping\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u4e86\u3002\u5f80\u7eb8\u4e0a\u6492\u5927\u7c73\u7136\u540e\u770b\u770b\u843d\u5230\u56fe\u5f62\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u7c73\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63a8\u65ad\u56fe\u5f62\u9762\u79ef\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5bf9\uff1f\u4f46\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u4e07\u4e00\u4f60\u8fd9\u6b21\u6ca1\u6492\u5747\u5300\u600e\u4e48\u529e\uff08\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u4f60\u4e5f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u5426\u6492\u5747\u5300\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u4f60\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7eb8\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u548c\u56fe\u5f62\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff09\uff1f\u90a3\u5c31\u591a\u6492\u51e0\u6b21\u6c42\u5e73\u5747\u5457\u3002\u6ca1\u9519\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c31\u662fbootstrapping\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u6837\u672c\u96c6\u4e2d\u591a\u91c7\u6837\u51e0\u6b21\uff08\u6492\u5927\u7c73\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528\u6bcf\u6b21\u91c7\u6837\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u90fd\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\uff08\u770b\u843d\u5165\u56fe\u5f62\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff09\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u628a\u6bcf\u6b21\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u6c47\u603b\u8d77\u6765\u5206\u6790\uff08\u6c42\u5e73\u5747\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5728bootstrapping\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b65\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u6c42\u5e73\u5747\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b49\u6743\u91cd\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u6765\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u6743\u91cd\u600e\u4e48\u6765\uff1f\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u5c31\u662f\u7528causal\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u7684\u3002\u4e5f\u662f\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002
\n\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406
\n\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406\u6211\u4eec\u66fe\u7ecf\u505a\u8fc7\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u90a3\u6b21\u5b9e\u8d28\u662f\u5145\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u8fd8\u6784\u4e0d\u6210\u56e0\u679c\u3002\u6cbf\u7740\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u56fe\u7075\u5956\u5f97\u4e3bPearl\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u56fe\u63a8\u7406\u3002\u6709\u5e78\uff0c\u5728\u653e\u5047\u524d\u66f9\u7389\u9633\u540c\u5b66\u8fd8\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u300athe book of why\u300b\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u7248\uff0c\u914d\u5408\u7f51\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u6211\u5bf9\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u70b9\u4e86\u89e3\u3002
\n\u6211\u662f\u5148\u7c97\u8bfb\u4e86\u4e00\u904dcausal bootstrapping\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u4e4b\u540e\u624d\u5f00\u59cb\u5b66\u4e60\u56e0\u679c\u7684\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u627e\u51fa\u6211\u9700\u8981\u518d\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6211\u53d1\u73b0do\u7b97\u5b50\u3001\u6df7\u6742(confound)\u3001\u4ecb\u5165\uff08intervention\uff09\u3001\u524d\u95e8\u51c6\u5219\u3001\u540e\u95e8\u51c6\u5219\u662f\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u9ad8\u9891\u8bcd\uff0c\u548c\u56e0\u679c\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6211\u4e0d\u61c2\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u6211\u9700\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u3002\u770b\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u5148\u5bf9\u8bba\u6587\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u91c7\u6837\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u9700\u8981\u7684\u662f\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u91c7\u6837\u53bb\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86\u3002
\n\u597d\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6750\u6599\u662f\u82f1\u6587\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5728\u4e13\u4e1a\u8bcd\u6c47\u4e0a\u5c31\u505a\u5230\u4e86\u7edf\u4e00\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u6784\u8bcd\u6cd5\u53bb\u7406\u89e3\u4f5c\u8005\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u6bd4\u8bfb\u4e2d\u6587\u6587\u7ae0\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u4e3a\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u548c\u4f5c\u8005\u6c9f\u901a\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u953b\u70bc\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u9605\u8bfb\u3002\u4ece\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u6bcf\u59293\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u8bfb5\u9875\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u534a\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f65-8\u9875\uff0c\u8fdb\u6b65\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u6211\u8fd8\u662f\u6ee1\u610f\u7684\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u968f\u7740\u8bcd\u6c47\u7684\u719f\u6089\uff0c\u6211\u67e5\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5c11\u4e86\u3002
\nthe book of why\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u597d\u5904\u6700\u5927\u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f\u79d1\u666e\u8bfb\u7269\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4f5c\u8005\u4f1a\u53cd\u590d\u7684\u4e3e\u4f8b\u5b50\u8ba9\u4f60\u660e\u767d\u5176\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u56de\u4e8b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4f1a\u4ece\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u8bb2\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u7684\u6765\u9f99\u53bb\u8109\u3002\u8bfb\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e66\uff0c\u5bf9\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u8981\u6bd4\u8bfb\u8bba\u6587\u6df1\u523b\u591a\u4e86\uff0c\u6bd5\u7adf\u4ed6\u6bd4\u8f83\u751f\u52a8\u3002\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u77e5\u8bc6\u542b\u91cf\u6709\u70b9\u4f4e\uff0c\u5f53\u505a\u8bfe\u5916\u4e66\u6765\u8bfb\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u5408\u9002\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6211\u914d\u5408\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f51\u7edc\u6559\u7a0b\u6765\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u5305\u62ec20\u5206\u949f\u5de6\u53f3\u5c06\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\uff08\u5feb\u901f\u4e86\u89e3\u5176\u539f\u7406\uff09\u3001\u5206\u4e3a14\u8bb2\u8bb2\u6982\u7387\u56fe\u6a21\u578b\u7684\uff08\u4e86\u89e3\u63a8\u7406\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\uff09\u3001\u77e5\u4e4e\u6216csdn\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff08\u68b3\u7406\u603b\u7ed3\uff09\u3002\u5b66\u4e60\u5b8c\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u5bf9\u56e0\u679c\u63a8\u7406\u6709\u4e86\u5927\u4f53\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\uff08\u901a\u8fc7\u5404\u79cd\u7eea\u8bba\u3001\u5f15\u8a00\uff09\uff0c\u5bf9\u6211\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5185\u5bb9\u6709\u4e86\u7ec6\u81f4\u4e86\u89e3\uff08\u901a\u8fc7\u63a8\u5bfc\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u770b\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u4e86\u3002
\n\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4e3a\u8bfb\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u505a\u7684\u51c6\u5907\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\u5e76\u4e0d\u96be\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u770b\u770b\u81ea\u5df1\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\u548c\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\u95f4\u4ea4\u96c6\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u5dee\u96c6\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u7136\u540e\u53bb\u586b\u8865\u5dee\u96c6\uff0c\u4e89\u53d6\u505a\u5230\u4ea4\u96c6\u6700\u5927\u4e14\u5dee\u96c6\u6700\u5c0f\u3002\u5f62\u6210\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u51fd\u6570\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u53bb\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u5f53\u8fed\u4ee3\u51e0\u6b21\u4e4b\u540e\u89c9\u5f97\u5df2\u7ecf\u6536\u655b\uff08\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u5230\u8fbe\u5168\u5c40\u6700\u4f18\uff09\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u518d\u53bb\u8bba\u6587\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b21\u662f\u7ec6\u8bfb\uff0c\u5927\u7ea6\u7528\u4e86\u4e09\u5929\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u8bfb\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5173\u6ce8\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u70b9\uff1a\n\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u5199\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5ba2\u89c2\u7684\u8bb2\uff0c\u6211\u89c9\u8fd9\u7bc7\u5199\u4f5c\u633a\u602a\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u7bc7\u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5427\u3002\u4f46\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5f15\u8a00\u548c\u540e\u9762\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0a\u8fd8\u662f\u7ed9\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u542f\u793a\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5bf9\u5176\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u8981\u4e48\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u51fa\u5904\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u5728\u6587\u4e2d\u6216\u9644\u5f55\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u8bc1\u660e\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u975e\u5e38\u503c\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u4e5f\u662f\u6211\u7ecf\u5e38\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\uff1a\u4e0d\u8981\u53bb\u8bf4\u6ca1\u6709\u8bba\u636e\u7684\u8bba\u70b9\u3002\n\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5230\u5e95\u600e\u4e48\u7406\u89e3\u4f5c\u8005\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u4f5c\u8005\u53ea\u662fdeconfound\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u662f\u8fd9\u4e48\u505a\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u5e15\u91d1\u68ee\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e3a\u4f8b\u5427\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u6211\u548c\u66f9\u7389\u9633\u5728\u8ba8\u8bbadeconfound\u4e0enon confound\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u6279\u6ce8\uff1a\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
“<\/h1>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u627e\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u4eba\u91c7\u96c6\u7684\u3002\u91c7\u96c6\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u5bf9\u4e8e\u540c\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u5176\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\u4f1a\u6709\u504f\u5dee\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u91c7\u96c6\u65f6\u5bf9\u566a\u58f0\u7684\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u566a\u58f0\u5927\u7684\u8bdd\u5176\u4fe1\u566a\u6bd4\u5c31\u4f1a\u4f4e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u548c\u566a\u58f0\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u6bd4\u5982HNR\u7b49\u5c31\u4f1a\u4e0d\u540c\uff09\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u662f\u628a\u8fd9\u79cd\u504f\u5dee\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e86confound\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u3002\n\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff0cdeconfound\u3002\u76ee\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u6392\u9664\u7531\u4e8e\u91c7\u96c6\u4e0d\u540c\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u504f\u5dee\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7528\u5b57\u7b26\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\u3002\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u8bc6\u522b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7ed9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4eae\u5ea6\uff0c\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u8bad\u7ec3\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fe1\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u80fd\u628a\u4eae\u5ea6\u5f53\u505a\u4e86\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u9020\u6210\u4e86high risk. \n\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u5173\u4e8enon-confound\uff0c\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8eground truth. \u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u5c31\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u52a0\u5165\u566a\u58f0\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u4eae\u5ea6\u5e72\u6270\uff08\u6216\u968f\u673a\u4eae\u5ea6\u5e72\u6270\uff09\u7684\u56fe\u7247\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5219\u662f\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u800c\u975e\u6df7\u5408\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u3002\n\u6240\u4ee5\uff0cdeconfound\u662f\u5728confound\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u505a\u53bb\u9664\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u800cnon\u662f\u6839\u672c\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u3002\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u53bb\u566a\u58f0\u4fe1\u53f7\u548c\u7406\u60f3\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u5dee\u522b\u3002\n\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981deconfound? \u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u6d88\u9664\u5173\u8054\u5173\u7cfb\u5bf9\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u7684\u4eae\u5ea6\u4e0e\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u4e66\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u6eba\u6c34\u4eba\u6570\u4e0e\u51b0\u6fc0\u51cc\u9500\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u679c\u3002\u91c7\u7528\u5173\u8054\u5206\u6790\u5728\u6240\u6709\u6761\u4ef6\u90fd\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5206\u7c7b\u6027\u80fd\u662f\u597d\u7684\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\u7ecf\u5178\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u540c\u5206\u5e03\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u96c6\u5206\u5e03\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u4f46\u771f\u5b9e\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8fd9\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb\u5e76\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u628a\u5728\u79e6\u7687\u5c9b\u7edf\u8ba1\u7684\u6eba\u6c34\u4eba\u6570\u4e0e\u51b0\u6fc0\u51cc\u9500\u91cf\u653e\u5230\u65b0\u7586\u5c31\u4f1a\u5931\u6548\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u5c31\u5728\u4e8e\u5206\u5e03\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u53d8\u5316\u3002\n\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u56e0\u679c\u5206\u6790\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u4ed6\u4f1a\u4ece\u201c\u6e38\u6cf3\u65b9\u4fbf\u7a0b\u5ea6->\u6eba\u6c34\u4eba\u6570->\u6c14\u6e29->\u51b0\u6fc0\u51cc\u9500\u91cf\u201d\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5f97\u51fa\u51b0\u6dc7\u6dcb\u9500\u91cf\u4e0e\u6eba\u6c34\u4eba\u6570\u4e0d\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u548c\u8c01\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u524d\u95e8\u6cd5\u5219\u3001\u540e\u95e8\u6cd5\u5219\u7b49\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e86\u3002\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
“<\/h1>\n
\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u66f9\u7389\u9633\u95ee\u5230\u4e86\u548cbatch norm\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u7b54\u590d\uff1a\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
“<\/h1>\n
\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f46\u51fa\u53d1\u70b9\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u672c\u8d28\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\n\u4f60\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u5176\u5b9e\u548c\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u6570\u5b57\u4e0e\u4eae\u5ea6\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6240\u6709\u5bf9\u732b\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u90fd\u662f\u7528\u9ed1\u732b\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u8bc6\u522b\u4e00\u53ea\u5f69\u8272\u7684\u732b\u5417\uff1f\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u662f\u9ed1\u732b\u3001\u9ed1\u72d7\u548c\u9ec4\u72d7\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u4f60\u7ed9\u5b83\u4e00\u53ea\u9ec4\u732b\u7684\u56fe\u7247\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5185\u5fc3\u662f\u5d29\u6e83\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u4e24\u4e2a\u7c7b\u90fd\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u5c31\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e86\u3002\uff08\u6b64\u6bb5\u4e3a\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u8bef\uff09\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
”<\/p>\n
\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8edeconfound\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u4f60\u73b0\u5728\u8981\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u662f\u732b\u548c\u72d7\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u548c\u989c\u8272\u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f1a\u628a\u989c\u8272\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u5f81\u5148deconfound\u6389\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u9001\u7ed9\u5206\u7c7b\u5668\u53bb\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u6b64\u65f6\u5206\u7c7b\u5668\u5b66\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u66f4\u53ef\u9760\u4e86\u3002
\n\u6240\u4ee5\uff0cBN\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8fbe\u5230\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002
\n\u4f46\u8fd9\u91cc\u8981\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u4ece\u6211\u8bfb\u5230\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u770bdeconfound\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56casual diagram\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2adiagram\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u4e13\u5bb6\u4eba\u5de5\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u662f\u4e2adiagram\uff1f\u6211\u8fd8\u6ca1\u770b\u5230\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u6211\u5bf9\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002
\n\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u5728\u505a\u53e6\u4e00\u5957\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5c5e\u6027\u62d3\u6251\u3002
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\n\u6211\u5728\u8003\u8651\uff0ccasual diagram\u548c\u5c5e\u6027\u62d3\u6251\u90fd\u662f\u56fe\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5c5e\u6027\u62d3\u6251\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b97\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u628acasual diagram\u7684deconfound\u65b9\u6cd5\u501f\u9274\u5230\u5c5e\u6027\u62d3\u6251\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5176\u83b7\u5f97\u56e0\u679c\u6982\u5ff5\u7ed3\u6784\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n
<\/h1>\n
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